Green shear-thickening functionalized bulletproof and flame-retardant composite materials were prepared by utilizing ordinary sewage sludge particles, high-temperature alkali-modified sludge particles, and industrial solid waste for modification and surface grafting of functional groups. The industrial solid waste is modified through surface inerting to serve as a shear-thickening dispersion phase for regulating the green shear-thickening liquid. To enhance the grafting load of dispersed phase particles, aramid fabric (AF) undergoes surface grafting and modification. The bulletproof performance is evaluated by combining the solid waste-based modified shear-thickening liquid with the modified AF fabric. Characterization experiments demonstrate that the addition of inert functional groups on the surface of solid waste results in a more pronounced shear-thickening effect. The yarn pull-out test reveals a 3.2-fold increase in tensile force, indicating improved friction performance. Ballistic tests indicate that immersion in solid waste-based shear thickener raises the ballistic limit velocity (V_bl) from 50 m/s to 95 m/s. The composite fiber fabric in the flame retardant experiment exhibits enhanced flame retardant and thermal insulation properties. Particle doping enhances yarn friction, increases the load-bearing area of fabrics, offers insights for designing high-performance soft bulletproof vests, and promotes the resource utilization and high-value utilization of solid waste.

Industrial solid waste,Ballistic performance,Shear thickening,Silica Surface Modification,Flame retardant