[Oral Presentation]Accidents and consequences modelling for stationary and mobile hydrogen storage

Accidents and consequences modelling for stationary and mobile hydrogen storage

ID：378 View Protection：ATTENDEE Updated Time：2024-05-18 11:29:20 Hits：538 Oral Presentation

Start Time：2024-05-31 17:10 （Asia/Shanghai）

Duration：20min

Session：[S5] Smart Energy and Clean Power Technology » [S5-2] Afternoon of May 31st

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Abstract

The transportation sector heavily relies on fossil-based fuels, contributing significantly to the escalating concentration of pollutants and greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Hydrogen emerges as a promising and clean energy carrier to address such environmental challenges and the increasing energy demand. Unlike fossil fuels, hydrogen offers a cleaner transportation option due to its unique characteristics, including high energy density, a substantial calorific value, cost-effectiveness, and diverse production methods. With these attributes, hydrogen has the potential to serve as a viable and eco-friendly substitute, capable of entirely replacing fossil fuels in internal combustion engines. However, hydrogen storage and transport are significant challenges because the hydrogen characteristics limit the technology options. This study presents the consequence modelling of hydrogen release and explosion using ALOHA and HyRAM+ software. The hydrogen release and explosion are modelled in stationary and mobile modes. ALOHA illustrated the release rate, burn rate, toxic threat zone, flammable threat zone, thermal radiation threat zone and overpressure threat zone. HyRAM software models a jet flame temperature, trajectory, heat flux, and overpressure. The three most dangerous scenarios were hydrogen leaking without burning for refuelling gas station, BLEVE for hydrogen production storage and liquid hydrogen trailer. The safe area to locate hydrogen storage away from residential areas is 274m for refuelling gas station, 757 m for hydrogen production storage and liquid hydrogen trailer. The hydrogen-powered vehicle has the most minor threat zone as their tank volume is only 62.4 L, and the release of hazardous chemicals into the environment is the least. BLEVE threat zone, where the most significant effect distance was transferred to Google Earth. There may be severe exposures and domino effects on the people around. For hydrogen production, the radius of the overpressure area is more than 140 m, which is affected by the delayed ignition of the leaking gaseous hydrogen over 5 kPa. This area's radius is approximately 40 m of the region affected by overpressure higher than 16 kPa, which has risks of structure collapse, possible fatality by being projected against obstacles, and skin lacerations by missiles. The findings have contributed to the understanding and managing of accidents and consequences in hydrogen storage systems, enhancing the safety and sustainability of this emerging technology.

Keywords

Hydrogen storage; Accidents modelling; Consequences quantification; Safe area; Risk assessment

Speaker

Norazahar Norafneeza

Universiti Teknologi Malaysia